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The definition and evaluation of art has become
especially problematic since the early 20th century.
Richard Wollheim distinguishes three approaches:
the Realist, whereby aesthetic quality is an absolute
value independent of any human view; the Objectivist,
whereby it is also an absolute value, but is dependent
on general human experience; and the Relativist
position, whereby it is not an absolute value, but
depends on, and varies with, the human experience
of different humans. An object may be characterized
by the intentions, or lack thereof, of its creator,
regardless of its apparent purpose. A cup, which
ostensibly can be used as a container, may be considered
art if intended solely as an ornament, while a painting
may be deemed craft if mass-produced... |
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